培訓(xùn):雅思、托福、考研、出國留學(xué)、四六級、GRE、GMAT、海外本科
【細(xì)節(jié)辨識(shí)題】
細(xì)節(jié)辨識(shí)題考查的是考生對閱讀材料具體內(nèi)容的把握能力,它要求考生能夠?qū)φZ篇中的具體細(xì)節(jié)和信息點(diǎn)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確捕捉,根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵詞或者短語在原文中定位相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)。
細(xì)節(jié)辨識(shí)題是閱讀理解中常考的題型,在歷年考題中所占比重較大。在近10年的考題中每年都有細(xì)節(jié)辨識(shí)題出現(xiàn),比例在30%左右。
此題型的主要命題方式如下:
①According to the text/Paragraph...
②In Paragraph...which of the following is NOT mentioned?
③The author agrees on all the following except that...
④...results from...
⑤What advice does the author give to...?
⑥Which of the following statements is NOT true?
⑦The main reason for...is that...
⑧Which of the following can be a disadvantage of...?
【推理判斷題】
推理判斷題要求考生從整篇文章或文章中的某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)出發(fā),對某一內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理判斷。
做對這種題目的前提是對文章意思的準(zhǔn)確理解,對作者意圖的準(zhǔn)確捕捉,順著文章的表述作出恰當(dāng)?shù)耐茢唷?/p>
推理判斷能力是閱讀理解能力的較高層次,這類題型在近10年的考題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)并呈逐年上升的趨勢,比例在30%~40%。
此題型的主要命題方式如下:
①We can conclude from...that...
②We can learn from the text that...
③Why is...mentioned in Paragraph...?
④In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by...
⑤Paragraph...shows that...
⑥...is mentioned to...
⑦By citing...the author intends to...
⑧The author seems to be mainly concerned with...
⑨The author suggests that...
【語義理解題】
語義理解題考查的是考生是否具有根據(jù)上下文推測閱讀材料中某個(gè)單詞或者短語意思的能力。
重點(diǎn)仍然是基于對語篇的理解,尤其是對該單詞或短語前后出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容的理解,因?yàn)槠湔Z義經(jīng)常會(huì)在上下文通過解釋或者舉例等方式給予暗示。
最初,語義理解題多以推測詞匯含義為主,近年來,更多考查的是某個(gè)表達(dá)形式(如句子的一部分)的含義。
該題型在歷年考題中所占比重較小,在近10年的考題中所占比例為10%左右。
此題型的主要命題方式如下:
①The sentence “...” (Line...,Paragraph...) means that...
②The word/phrase “...” (Line...,Paragraph...) most probably means...
③By saying “...” (Line...,Paragraph...),the author means that...
④The underlined phrase “...” in paragraph...refers to the ones who...
⑤The underlined phrase “...” (Line...,Paragraph...) most probably means...
⑥The phrase “...” (Line...,Paragraph...) is closest in meaning to...
【主旨大意題】
主旨大意題考查的是考生對閱讀材料內(nèi)容的整體把握能力以及對重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容的概括能力。
該題型要求考生對文章有一個(gè)宏觀把握,并且能夠抓住其中的重點(diǎn)。
在近10年的考題中,每年都有主旨大意題出現(xiàn),比例在10%以上。
此題型的主要命題方式如下:
①Which of the following is the text mainly about?
②The passage is mainly about...
③What would be the best title for the text?
④Which of the following is the best title for the text?
⑤The best title for this passage could be...
⑥Which of the following would be the subject of the text?
⑦What is the passage mainly about?
【觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題】
觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題考查的是考生在整體理解文章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上對作者的觀點(diǎn)、看法等作出判斷的能力。
做對這類題目的關(guān)鍵是找出表示態(tài)度(贊成、反對、客觀或主觀等)的詞語。如果作者的看法很客觀,就會(huì)既有贊成又有反對,這時(shí)要注意全面把握文章的主旨大意,尤其注意表示態(tài)度變化的連詞。
這種類型的題目在近10年考題中的出現(xiàn)比例為10%以下。
此題型的主要命題方式如下:
①Towards...the writer's/author's attitude can be said to be...
②...attitude towards...is one of...
③...attitude towards...seems to be...
④What is...attitude towards...?
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