英語中的名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞；可數(shù)名詞包含個體名詞和集體名詞，不可數(shù)名詞包含物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。下面一起來看看名詞動用的具體方法。
名詞動用
The Internet is beginning to rival newspapers as the best place to find information about what is happening in the world.
此句選自于文化類的一篇考官范文，注意打單橫線的rival 這一詞， 相信大部分同學見到這一單詞之后第一反應(yīng)是他的名詞含義，競爭者的意思。 但通過基本語法做分析后大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)， rival在這里為動詞用法， 翻譯過來為與…競爭。 Rival的動詞用法在這里就是我們所說的less common vocabulary。 同rival相似的， 以下例句中劃橫線的詞都運用了名詞動用的表達，大家可自行體會。
a. People began to harbor doubts over the function of university. (harbor – v. 持有，懷有)
b. Education should shape students minds and broaden their horizons. (shape-v. 塑造)
c. Each government needs to tailor a solution to solve the problem of environmental degradation. (tailor- v. 定制)
動名詞
動名詞可以讓語句看起來結(jié)構(gòu)非常緊湊，不羅嗦。動名詞既具有動詞的一些特征(允許有自己的賓語)，又具有名詞的一些特征(可以作主語、賓語、表語和同位語等)。
動名詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)
1)構(gòu)成：與"V-ing"分詞的構(gòu)成相同
2)時態(tài)：
①動名詞的完成式表示其動作先于謂語動詞的動作。
They regret not having taken your advice.
He was praised for having made such a contribution to the company.
②動名詞的一般式也可表示一個先于謂語動詞的動作。
I remember seeing a film.
He admitted to stealing the book.
3)動名詞的被動語態(tài)：
①動名詞的被動語態(tài)表示它的邏輯主語是動名詞所表示的動作的承受者。
He dislikes being interrupted during his study.
Several of the customers complain of having been treated very rudely.
②動名詞的被動態(tài)有自己的邏輯主語。
He was so surprised at being discovered that he didn’t even try to run away.
The workers were proud of their products being praised highly by the buyers.
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